Double Edge

I was furious.

On my parents’ TV screen, I was watching the Ohio State Buckeyes celebrate wildly. Meanwhile, the Miami Hurricanes looked on, stunned.

It wasn’t supposed to go like this.

In fact, moments earlier, the Miami players were mobbing the field in jubilation. Fireworks were going off above the stadium. The game appeared to be over, with the Hurricanes victorious.

But then, in the midst of the celebration, a referee threw one of his yellow flags onto the field. He then proceeded to call a dubious penalty on a Miami player.

The game would continue. And Ohio State would come from behind to win the game and a national college football championship.

The result was bad enough. But the way it all went down left me in a rage.

I was 15 years old when this game took place. About 3 and a half years after the final whistle, I would attend the University of Miami and become a Hurricane for life. But as I watched Ohio State players celebrating on TV, I had no affiliation to the school they’d just vanquished. I was simply a fan of the Miami football team.

I shouldn’t have gotten so worked up. But I couldn’t help myself.

For years, I held a vendetta against The Ohio State University. I rooted against their football team in every game. When their basketball team played a road game in Miami, I jawed with Buckeye fans in the arena concourse. And, when my family drove through Columbus, Ohio — home to the Ohio State campus — I urged them not to stop the car.

Eventually, the anger subsided. But it was quickly replaced by shame.

For it turns out that Ohioans are kind-hearted, salt-of-the-earth people. I’ve worked with several over the years, and I don’t have a bad thing to say about any of them.

I was wrong to paint them as villains for so long, just because of the results of a football game. It was foolish, shortsighted — and strangely predictable.


Competition. It’s an American hallmark.

A nation built on the promise of an elected government and a capitalist economy relies on competition. On straining for scarce resources. On gaining an edge.

We compete for employment, for housing, for influence. We even compete for acclaim as the best spouse or parent.

Ostensibly, this makes us better. It keeps us motivated to give our best at all times. It inspires us to produce more. And it allows society to reap the benefits.

But hyper-competition is not foolproof. The edge we require can cut both ways.

Going head-to-head with others is a zero-sum game. There are winners and losers. Rising up means another gets pushed down.

When we’re in the fray, it’s hard to ignore this dynamic. And it’s tempting to denigrate the competition in order to swing the odds in our favor.

Some of these efforts can be mostly harmless. For example, athletes often trash talk each other to gain a psychological advantage. While this can be obnoxious, the hostilities normally don’t extend any further than that.

But other times, denigrating the competition does cross the line. It can lead to us othering our competition. It can cause us to act in racist or misogynistic ways.

Scenarios like these can cause lasting destruction. They can tear our society further and further apart. They can leave countless victims in their wake.

Scenarios like these beg the question: Is competition more destructive than good?


There’s an image that I’ve long struggled to reckon with.

It’s a portrait of Adolf Hitler as an infant.

I despise Hitler. I have always viewed him as the epitome of pure evil. Even writing his name here makes me feel squeamish.

And yet, he doesn’t look like the devil incarnate in this photo. With curiosity written on his face, he simply looks like a child.

This image is important to consider. For it reminds us that society’s greatest ills are not innate. They’re cultivated through the structures we encounter.

Hatred is a learned behavior. One forged by our experiences and our misconceptions.

And the kiln that turns us from respectable to rotten? It’s fueled by competition.

The very idea of duking it out for a limited resource — be it property, influence or accolades — is fraught with danger. For while the rules of chivalry help keep things respectable, it’s on each of us to abide by them.

Generally, such guidance is sufficient. But if desperation takes hold, or our emotions get the best of us, we toss aside good judgment. We revert to jungle law — to winning at all costs.

The dark side of competition gave rise to so many dark chapters in our planet’s recent history — the rise of the Nazis in Europe, the spread of terrorism in the Middle East, the advent of brutal drug cartels in Latin America.

But those are just the grim headlines. The real story lies under the surface.


The images of an angry mob of insurrectionists rushing the United States Capitol will always be chilling. But one image is doubly haunting.

It’s of a rioter darting through the capitol rotunda with a Confederate flag in tow.

Such a flag once flew in parts of America, after the southern states seceded and plunged the nation into a bloody Civil War. But even during those trying times, it never flew in the seat of the United States government.

Much has been made of that flag over the last 150 years or so. There are varying opinions on what it stands for, and even what to name it.

(While many have dubbed it the Confederate flag, southerners have often called it the Rebel flag.)

In my opinion, the Confederate flag symbolizes competition gone wrong. Of an error compounded by calcification of time.

You see, the southern states didn’t try and leave the union on a whim. They did so because they felt left behind.

The earliest decades of our nation were defined by two economic models — a northern one, teeming with cities and industry, and a southern one, dotted with rural plantations.

The southern economy was built on slave labor — on the bondage of Black people. The northern one was not.

Slavery and the plantation model were not invented in the south. But they became ingrained there. So even as the world evolved, white southerners found themselves irrationally attached to a system where hierarchy was determined by skin tone.

As the United States expanded westward, adding new states to the union, the South saw its influence shrink. Threatened, it responded with a stinging act of defiance — secession.

But the Confederacy was not long-lived. Barely four years later, the Civil War ended in a southern surrender.

Even so, the scars of the conflict would linger.

For in the wake of the bloodshed, white southerners were forced to compete with freed slaves for land and prosperity. The stakes were high and the resources were strained.

In the wake of such challenges, the disgraced southerners demonized their new competitors. They formed posses to kill young Black men. They set up a system of sharecropping to keep black families in poverty. And they codified segregationist policies in every state they inhabited.

Such abhorrence  — forged by competition — helped spawn an ugly legacy of racism that persists to this day.

And yet, the post-war South was not alone in this endeavor.

Indeed, as immigrants flooded to our shores and filled our cities, they were met with similar resentment. The newcomers — be they Irish, Italian, Chinese, Arab, or Mexican — faced resistance from the established, who abhorred the competition.

Xenophobia has a long shadow even in the most enlightened bastions of America. Add in the growth of the business sector and globalization in recent decades, and the issue has only intensified.

That is how we’ve gotten to where we are today. To a polarized America where millions of people support blatantly racist positions.

Building walls isn’t about making our nation more secure. Dissolving global trade isn’t about making our nation more prosperous. And typecasting people based on skin tone isn’t making our nation more equitable.

No, such actions are self-serving. They rig the competition so that those with a track record of prosperity remain victorious at all costs.

And in doing so, they threaten to eat America alive.


It’s time that we take a fresh look at competition.

It’s time that we more closely consider its limitations and moral dangers.

For while competition will continue to exist — Adam Smith’s invisible hand can’t exist without it — it doesn’t need to exist unfettered. It can’t exist unfettered.

Such introspection will not be easy. Rehashing our core principles never is.

But it’s a process that cannot wait.

For the next calamity lurks in the distance, and its underlying cause is already known.

It’s on us to do what needs to be done. It’s on us to put a sheath on the double edge of competition.

Let’s get to it.

Unintended Consequences

But I didn’t mean it.

It might be the oldest defense in the book. Or if not, it’s certainly the first one we use in our lives.

Yes, these five words are almost an automatic response for kids when they find themselves in trouble.

Got caught hitting your sibling? But I didn’t mean it.

Called a classmate a nasty name in school? But I didn’t mean it.

Egged the neighbor’s house? But I didn’t mean it.

This defense, of course, is an outright lie. We did mean to do those terrible things, but we didn’t mean to get busted.

Our intentions matched our actions in these cases. And even if they hadn’t, we shouldn’t be expecting a free pass for our sociopathic behavior.

Yet, this shoddy defense tactic persists. It existed 50 years ago, it exists now, and it will exist long into the future.

Why? Because it reflects the world at large.

No matter how much we try and keep things in sync, our actions do belie our intentions from time to time.

Life is full of unintended consequences. And that fact has never been more evident.


If someone had told me a year ago that I’d be rationing toilet paper because of a respiratory virus, I would thought they were crazy.

This thought came to me as I took inventory of my supply of toilet paper in my — well, I’m not going to tell you where it’s stashed in my home. I don’t want it stolen.

As the world became gripped by a global pandemic, several predictable things happened. Many people got infected with a lethal virus. Hospital occupancies surged. And, sadly, some succumbed to their illnesses.

Then, several shocking things happened. Sports and concerts got cancelled. Schools and restaurant shut their doors. Office jobs transitioned into remote work arrangements. And entire regions and countries went into lockdown.

Yet, in the midst of all this, some unpredictable things also happened. Perhaps most notably, stores from coast to coast saw their shelves picked clean of toilet paper. And rolling shortages of this sanitary staple persisted for weeks.

There was a valid reason for this strange occurrence, of course. With people spending nearly all of their time at home, toilet paper usage rates were sure to go up.

But unlike many of the other persistent supply shortages — for such items as hand sanitizer, disinfecting wipes and paper towels — the toilet paper saga didn’t seem to match the moment at hand. Toilet paper is an essential household item, but it doesn’t directly defend against the virus the way those other items do.

No, the run on toilet paper can be tied to flaws in our behavior.

When we face a new threat, we lose constraint. We stock up on supplies and hunker down until the worst has passed.

These tendencies lead to a phenomenon called Panic Buying. As the threat approaches, unconstrained people head to the stores and buy as many essentials as they can — paper towels, bottled water, bread, eggs, milk and, yes, toilet paper.

Other shoppers see the dwindling supply levels in the aisle and feel compelled to buy these items themselves, before the store runs out of them. That only exacerbates the issue.

This scenario can lead to relatively short-term shortages of these problems during a weather event, such as a blizzard. This can be an immediate issue, but not a persistent one. Sure, the shelves might be picked clean of paper towels and loaves of bread for a bit, but replenishments will arrive once the storm passes.

Yet, in a global pandemic, the storm is not so quick to pass. And so, we end up with store shelves barren of toilet paper — no matter how much employees try and restock it. And we end up with people rationing their usage of toilet paper at home, to stretch existing supplies.

The toilet paper shortage is an unintended consequence of the pandemic.


The toilet paper supply issue is perhaps the most prominent of these unintended consequences. But others are even more dire.

Take, for example, the Stay At Home orders put in place by many regions and countries around the world as the pandemic ballooned. These measures are meant to limit motion and reduce the spread of the virus.

But the orders also restrict many opportunities for people to stay in shape. So, an unintended consequence of a measure to protect people’s short-term health is that they lose some ability to protect their long-term health.

And the broader impact of these directives is even more severe. Staying at home means shuttering nearly all businesses with face-to-face interactions. That has caused tens of millions of people lose to lose their jobs. That means they no longer have a paycheck, leaving them without the means to pay their bills or shop for things they need. That causes the people and companies who rely on those payments and purchases to run into trouble as well.

Suddenly, a single decision to save lives has caused financial disaster for many hardworking people and small businesses. That clearly was an unintended consequence of the decision. Or, at least I’d like to hope it was.

Ultimately, the greatest unintended consequence of the pandemic is that people have to make seemingly impossible choices.

As people run low on hand sanitizer or disinfecting wipes, they must decide whether to cut back on using those items to stretch their supplies. One choice risks health now, the other might risk health later.

Along those lines, as people’s budgets get tighter, some must decide what essentials to sacrifice in order to eat.

There are no good answers to conundrums like these. And while these dire consequences might be unintended, that doesn’t remove their sting.


Life is not about how many times you fall. It’s about how many times you get back up. 

This famous line comes from Jaime Escalante, who famously taught calculus to students in East Los Angeles.

In a way, Escalante was the perfect vessel for this quote. For math is about making sense of the possibilities. About ordering and synthesizing the problems we face.

And yet, no matter how well we prepare, we will not be ready for all of the possibilities we face. There will be some unintended consequences we must contend with along the way.

Escalante knew this as well as anyone. Born and raised in Bolivia, he eventually emigrated to the United States. But not just anywhere in the United States. Escalante ended up working in one of the roughest and most impoverished areas in California.

Escalante persevered, and many of his students ended up passed the Advanced Placement exam. So many, in fact, that the testing review board initially considered the results to be fraudulent.

His success had led to suspicion. Unintended consequences, in the most ironic of ways.

Yet, Escalante was clearly not a quitter. He believed that the true measure of character was perseverance. And he continued to embody that sentiment.

Escalante has long since passed away. But perhaps we can all still learn from him.

We don’t have to let unintended consequences ruin us, no matter how painful they may be. Even in the face of unanticipated challenges, we can still rise to the occasion.

This takes a spirit of adaptation and an open mind. But it can be done. And indeed it must.

For the world is an unpredictable, and scary place. A place where things can fall apart in the least intentioned of ways.

But we still have a chance to determine how our story goes.

Let’s make good use of that opportunity.

On Disruption

On a recent ride in a New York City taxi, I asked the driver how he was doing.

“Not great,” he admitted. “Business has been slow. Uber is killing us.”

He then detailed all the ways the rideshare giant has made his job more difficult, his taxi medallion less valuable.

The troubles stretch far beyond Uber’s cut-rate prices, he explained. The allure of easy fares has flooded the streets with competing drivers — many of whom have a poor grip on New York geography and get lost constantly as a result.

Some of these confused Uber drivers ferry people around as a side hustle; others drive after getting fired from their day jobs. Either way, the result is the same. More traffic congestion, more accidents and more headaches for those who have decades of experience driving the street in the familiar yellow sedans.

When I mentioned that city leaders could take action against this new wave of rideshare drivers, the cab driver told me they already tried to.

“Uber won the court case,” he said. “They’re here to stay.”


My mind took me back home to Dallas for a moment. I thought about the new logo I’ve seen plastered on the back of most taxis there recently.

The logo is for the Curb app, which allows customers to hail a cab from their smartphone. It’s a neat innovation, but in the Ridesharing Era, it’s a day late and a dollar short. A solution that doesn’t fully account for the problem.

You see, Uber didn’t take off by perfecting the taxi experience. By making it cheaper or more efficient.

No, it took off because it reinvented the entire way we approach travel. Just like Airbnb reinvented the entire way we approach hospitality, or Apple reinvented the way we use our mobile phones.

This is what disruption is all about. It’s why it works time and again.

The Curb app shows just how blind disrupted industries are to the siege outside their windows. It underscores why we actively seek out the next disruption. Why we antagonize The Way It Is in favor of The Way It Could Be.

Yet, we must be careful with this approach. Because much gets sacrificed in the crossfire.


No one is shedding a tear for the demise of payphones or CDs. These items were bulky and inconvenient. Using them required an annoying amount of planning and effort. Their disruptor — smartphones with streaming capabilities — proved to be far superior.

Yet, we should be more cautious when evaluating the impact of the Rideshare Era. Yes, catching an Uber can be more enjoyable or affordable than taking a cab. But by riding the wave of disruption, we leave many cab drivers in the dust.

These drivers have worked tirelessly to make a living for themselves, and made huge sacrifices just to get that opportunity. They’ve proven their worth — only to see the rug pulled out from under them by an upstart who will accept nearly anyone as a driver.

There are no fairy tale endings in this story. For as we rush to dismantle the structures of old, good people get sucked into the maelstrom. And there’s no life preserver to rescue them.

This is the cost of disruption. It’s real and it’s raw. And we are directly responsible for causing it, through complicity alone.

This is a discomforting reality to face. But face it, we must.


So, what can we do to fill this void? To reconcile our participation in the modern-day Torch and Pitchfork Mobs?

We can start by being more conscientious. By looking wholeheartedly at the toll our seemingly altruistic ambitions bring. And by doing what we can to ease the burden placed upon those we displace, such as venerable cab drivers.

This approach will get us out of our comfort zone. But it will also ensure that no one is left behind.

And that’s the type of disruption that can truly change the world for the better.

The Double Edge of Virality

Virality is in.

What was once 15 Minutes of Fame is now something far more timeless.

Ever since the early days of YouTube, making it big on the Internet has meant instant recognition. Today, it’s an obsession.

We can’t help ourselves. We want to be known, to be popular. It only takes one lasting visual —one that’s accessible by billions of people in an instant — for us to achieve that goal.

So, we trip over ourselves to star in creative moments. We do outlandish and embarrassing things on camera to build our global name. We master the art of the Meme and the GIF — two terms only geeks knew of 15 years ago — in order to plaster our face on them in head-turning ways.

Since virality is our golden ticket to instant stardom, sacrificing our dignity for an eternity in the sun seems worthwhile.

But it cuts both ways. Are we really ready to live with that double edge?

I’m not talking about the consequences of being eternally known as the person who screwed up an exercise ball trick. Or as one of the soldiers who gave a monkey a loaded AK-47. (For the love of God, do not try this. Ever.)

Those infamous videos are the result of poor decisions. As far as I’m concerned, the people who humiliated themselves in them can reap what they sow.

No, I’m talking about the Pandora’s Box our viral obsession unleashes.

You see, our continual quest to stoke our ego has turned virality into an untamed beast. We can now go viral at any time, even when we’re not looking to. And if we’re caught in a moment of misfortune with cameras rolling, we could end up wearing that unwanted humiliation like a scarlet letter for the rest of our lives.

Consider Dr. David Dao. If you don’t recognize that name, you’re part of the problem. Dr. Dao is the man you saw being yanked out of his seat and violently dragged off of a United Airlines plane so that other extra airline employees could take his seat. You saw it because another passenger posted a harrowing video of the ordeal on Twitter, a video that immediately went viral.

This incident led to universal outrage. United’s stock prices took a beating, and they stand to lose hundreds of millions of dollars in future business because of their tarnished reputation. The longstanding procedure of overbooking flights — by both United and its rival airlines — has also come into question.

But, do you know what wasn’t discussed? How all of this would affect Dr. Dao.

Sure, there were the musings of how much money he would stand to gain from an upcoming lawsuit against United Airlines. There was the press conference, where Dao’s lawyer claimed Dao was more terrified as he was being dragged off that flight in Chicago than he was when he fled Saigon in 1975. There was some journalistic muckraking in regards to his troubled past.

What there wasn’t was compassion for the man’s predicament as a victim of virality.

Now, maybe I’m more empathetic than most, but I feel that’s not right. No amount of money from United’s coffers will ever reconcile Dr. Dao’s unwanted moment of fame. He will be known for the rest of the life as the bloodied man being dragged down the aisle of a plane by airport police as passengers watch in horror.

His chances of making a more dignified name for himself are ruined.

Dr. Dao most assuredly didn’t want any of this. He just wanted to make it back to Louisville and get on with his life.

Thanks to a callous bout of misfortune, a smartphone video camera and a societal thirst for virality, he will never have that chance.

That’s a damned shame.

So, let this be a lesson. One that teaches us to be cognizant of the cost of our viral obsession. One that illustrates the point that virality can not only improve lives, but also ruin them.

For while it’s easier than ever for us to connect and build a name for ourselves in the era we live in, we must understand that this rising tide does not lift all boats.

Proceed with caution.